Pneumocephalus Caused by Air-Polishing Device During Tx for Peri-Implantitis

Background: Subcutaneous emphysema is a well-known complication in the dental field. It can be potentially life threatening. Direct development of pneumocephalus after a dental procedure has not been previously reported. Objective: To present a case of pneumocephalus occurring secondary to an air-polishing device used in the treatment of peri-implantitis, a technique that has become very popular. Case Report: A 62-year-old female had implants placed in areas of tooth #14 and #15 in 2012. In 2019, both implants had peri-implantitis. Initial treatment consisted of oral hygiene and use of ultrasonic instruments to alleviate the problem. The patient, however, returned in 2021 with continued signs of infection. At this point, an air-polishing device was used to remove supra- and subgingival biofilm. During the procedure, the patient experienced extreme discomfort on the left side of the face. The patient was short of breath, had pain in the left eye, and slight dysphagia on the left side more...