How Common Are Adverse GI Effects Associated With GLP-1RAs?

Background: The rising use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) makes it very important to have a clear understanding of their potential adverse effects. Objective: To evaluate the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) and biliary adverse effects associated with GLP-1RA use. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A database search was conducted to identify placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trials that evaluated the effectiveness and safety of GLP-1RAs in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), overweight/obesity, metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH), or metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Included trials reported at least 1 of a broad range of adverse GI and biliary effects. The primary outcome measure was the relative risk of these adverse effects. Results: The database search identified 55 placebo-controlled randomized trials that enrolled 106,395 adults with T2DM (30 trials), ove more...